石灰窯設備在(zai)生(sheng)產中往往會照成(cheng)一(yi)些灰(hui)(hui)(hui)塵(chen),活(huo)性石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)由(you)石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)焙燒制(zhi)成(cheng),同時產生(sheng)CO2,沒有什么(me)影響,石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)生(sheng)產工(gong)藝由(you)原料儲運、水洗、篩(shai)分(fen)(fen)、石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)燒成(cheng)、成(cheng)品(pin)冷卻(que)、破碎、篩(shai)分(fen)(fen)、儲運等(deng)工(gong)部組成(cheng)。其中原料準備工(gong)段(duan)主(zhu)要產生(sheng)石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)粉塵(chen)污染,成(cheng)品(pin)整理工(gong)段(duan)主(zhu)要產生(sheng)石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)粉塵(chen)污染,而石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)燒成(cheng)工(gong)藝及(ji)其污染源(yuan)比較(jiao)復雜,對環境(jing)影響最(zui)為嚴(yan)重。
石灰窯設備按(an)結構區分,有(you)豎窯、回轉窯、懸浮窯等型(xing)(xing)式;按(an)所用燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)區分,有(you)煤粉、焦炭(tan)、重油、煤氣等型(xing)(xing)式。石(shi)灰(hui)窯設備類型(xing)(xing)不同,所產生(sheng)的(de)污染物也不同。豎窯一(yi)般以(yi)50-120mm小塊石(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)為(wei)原料(liao)(liao),以(yi)煤粉、焦炭(tan)、重油為(wei)主燃(ran)料(liao)(liao),裝料(liao)(liao)、焙(bei)燒、出料(liao)(liao)輪(lun)流間斷操作,爐況及(ji)其排(pai)煙參數不穩定。
新型雙膛豎窯(yao)(yao)和(he)套(tao)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)豎窯(yao)(yao)緩和(he)了生產工藝的(de)不連續性以(yi)及煙(yan)氣參數不穩(wen)定性,并實現(xian)了余熱(re)回收。回轉(zhuan)窯(yao)(yao)一(yi)般以(yi)3-50mm小塊石(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)為(wei)原料,以(yi)煤氣為(wei)主(zhu)燃料。回轉(zhuan)窯(yao)(yao)尾(wei)煙(yan)氣溫度(du)(du)(du)高、濕度(du)(du)(du)大、含(han)塵濃度(du)(du)(du)高。懸(xuan)(xuan)浮窯(yao)(yao)由多級(ji)旋風筒(tong)(tong)(tong)組成(cheng)。一(yi)般以(yi)0-3mm粉狀(zhuang)石(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)為(wei)原料,以(yi)煤氣為(wei)主(zhu)燃料。物料的(de)預(yu)熱(re)、焙燒和(he)冷卻在風筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內逆(ni)向流動(dong)懸(xuan)(xuan)浮狀(zhuang)態下快速完成(cheng)。煙(yan)氣溫度(du)(du)(du)高,含(han)塵濃度(du)(du)(du)大。